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Daoya ( Rice-grain Sprout)---稻芽

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Product Description

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 It is the germinant mature fruit of Oryza sativa L., family Gramineae. It can be utilized in its raw or stir-baked form.

[ Medicinal Properties ]: Sweet and warm; relate to spleen and stomach meridians.

[ Medicinal Efficacies ]: Promote digestion and harmoize the middle energizer; invigorate spleen and stimulate the appetite.

[ Clinical Applications ]: Indigestion       It is used for stagnation of rice, flour, potato or dasheen and also for indigestion caused by spleen deficiency. It can promote digestion without damaging stomach qi, often used combined with Maiya for mutual reinforcement to enhance the curative effect. When used to treat poor appetite caused by spleen deficiency, it is usually used together with Sharen and Baizhu.

[ Usage and Dosage ]: 9-15g. The raw is good at harmonizing the middle, while the sitr-baked good at promoting digestion.

[ Medicinal Comparison ]: Similarities: Both Daoya and Maiya can promote digestion, harmonize the middle and invigorate the stomach and are mainly used together to treat stagnation of rice, flour, potato or dasheen and poor appetite caused by spleendeficiency for mutual reinforcement.

Differences: The difference is that the actions of Maiya are much stronger, while the efficacies of Daoya are weaker, for which it is better to be used for the light cases or for spleen deficiency after an illness.

稻芽为禾本科植物稻Oryza sativa L.的成熟果实经发芽干燥而成。全国多数地方均可生产,主产南方各省区。将稻谷用水浸泡后,保持适宜的温、湿度,待须根长至约1cm时,干燥。生用或炒用。

【药性】甘,温。归脾、胃经。        【功效】消食和中,健脾开胃。       
 
【应用】        米面薯芋食滞证及脾虚食少消化不良。本品消食和中,作用和缓,助消化而不伤胃气。常与麦芽相须为用,以提高疗效。若治脾虚食少,亦常与砂仁、白术、炙甘草等同用,如谷神丸(《澹寮方》)。       
 
【用法用量】煎服,9~15g。生用长于和中;炒用偏于消食。       
 
【鉴别用药】稻芽、麦芽均具消食和中,健胃之功,主治米面薯芋类食滞证及脾虚食少等。但麦芽消食健胃力较强;而稻芽力较弱,故稻芽更宜于轻证,或病后脾虚者。但二药临床常相须为用。        【古籍摘要】        1.《名医别录》:“主寒中。下气,除热”。        2.《本草纲目》:“消导米面诸果食积。”       
 
【现代研究】        1.化学成分:主要有效成分为淀粉酶,含量较麦芽低。尚含蛋白质、脂肪油、淀粉、麦芽糖、腺嘌呤、胆碱及18种氨基酸等。      
 
  2.药理作用:所含淀粉酶能帮助消化。实验表明,谷芽可通过抑制肥大细胞组织胺释放而具有抗过敏活性。       
 
【其他】过去曾以稻、粟、黍等植物的果实发芽作谷芽入药,认为药效亦相近。《中国药典》(1985年版)始将粟芽以谷芽为正名收载,并同时收载且单列稻芽。       
 
 附药 谷芽 Guya        为禾本科植物粟Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.的成熟果实经发芽干燥而成。主产华北地区。将粟谷用水浸泡后,保持适宜的温、湿度,待须根长至约6mm时,晒干或低温干燥。生用或炒用。谷芽的性能、功效、应用、用法用量均与稻芽相似,但我国北方地区多习用。       
 

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