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Hupo (Amber)---琥珀

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Product Description

It is fossil-type material transformed from the resin of ancient plants of family Pinaceae such as maples and pines. It is collected from udergroiund or coal-beds at any time. After the impurities are removed, it is ground into powder for mediciation.

[ Medicinal Properties ]: Sweet and neutral; relate to heart, liver and urinary bladder meridians.

[ Medicinal Applications ]: Induce sedation and calm spirit; activate blood to dissipate stasis; promote diuresis and relieve stranguria.

[ Clinical Applications ]: 1. Restlessness, palpitation, insomnia, convulsion and epilepsy       For restlessness, palpitation and insomnia, it is combined with Yuanzhi, Shichangpu and Zhusha; for infantile convulsion, high fever, coma, convulsion, epilepsy and convulsive twitches, usually with Zhusha, Tiannanxing and Tianzhuhuang.

2. Obstruction syndroe caused by blood stasis      For blood stasis and qi stagnation causing amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea and swelling and pain due to trauma, it is used with Danggui, Ezhu and Wuyao, such as Hupo Powder; for hematoma of the scrotum or labia, it is powdered alone for oral administration. It is recently combined with Sanqi and powdered for oral administration to treat coronary heart disease.

3. Stranguria, retention of urine    It is used alone to treat stranguria of blood type effectively and also of stone and heat types. For stranguria of sand and stone type, it is decocted together with Congbai for oral administration, or with Jinqiancao and Bianxu.

[ Usage and Dosage ]: It is groud into powder to be taken after being infused, 1.5-3g for each time. It cannot be decocted.

琥珀为古代松科植物,如枫树、松树的树脂埋藏地下经年久转化而成的化石样物质。主产于广西、云南、河南、辽宁等地。随时可采,从地下或煤层中挖出后,除去砂石,泥土等杂质,用时捣碎,研成细粉用。

       【药性】甘,平。归心、肝、膀胱经。        【功效】镇惊安神,活血散瘀,利尿通淋。       
 
【应用】        1.心神不宁,心悸失眠,惊风,癫痫。本品入心、肝二经,质重而镇,具有镇惊安神功效。主治心神不宁,心悸失眠,健忘等症,常与菖蒲、远志、茯神等同用,如琥珀定志丸(《杂病源流犀烛》);治心血亏虚,惊悸怔忡,夜卧不安,常与酸枣仁、人参、当归等同用,如琥珀养心丸(《证治准绳》);若治小儿惊风,可与天竺黄、茯苓、胆南星等同用,如琥珀抱龙丸(《幼科发挥》);《直指方》以本品与朱砂等合用,治小儿胎惊;与朱砂、全蝎、麦门冬配伍治疗小儿胎痫。       
 
2.痛经经闭,心腹刺痛,癥瘕积聚。本品入心、肝血分,有活血通经,散瘀消癥作用,治血瘀气阻之痛经经闭,可与当归、莪术、乌药等活血行气药同用,如琥珀散(《灵苑方》);用治血瘀经闭,与水蛭、虻虫、大黄等活血通经之品配伍,如琥珀煎丸(《圣惠方》);若治心血瘀阻,胸痹心痛证,常与三七同用,研末内服;治癥瘕积聚,可与三棱、鳖甲、大黄等活血消癥、软坚散结药同用。       
 
3.淋证,癃闭。本品有利尿通淋作用,故可用治淋证、尿频、尿痛及癃闭小便不利之证,单用有效,如《仁斋直指方》单用琥珀为散,灯心汤送服。治石淋、热淋,可与金钱草、海金沙、木通等利尿通淋药同用。因琥珀能散瘀止血,故尤宜于血淋。近年用琥珀末吞服,治石淋伴血尿者,有一定疗效。       
 
此外,本品亦可用于疮痈肿毒,内服能活血消肿,外用可生肌敛疮。       
 
【用法用量】研末冲服,或入丸、散,每次1.5~3g。外用适量。不入煎剂。忌火煅。       
 
【古籍摘要】        1.《别录》:“主安五脏,定魂魄,……消瘀血,通五淋。”       
 
 2.《本草拾遗》:“止血,生肌,合金疮。”       
 
3.《本草衍义补遗》:“古方用为利小便,以燥脾土有功,脾能运化,肺气下降,故小便可通,若血少不利者,反致其燥结之苦。”       
 
【现代研究】        1.化学成分:本品含树脂、挥发油。还含琥珀氧松香酸、琥珀松香酸、琥珀银松酸、琥珀脂醇、琥珀松香醇及琥珀酸等。       
 
2.药理作用:琥珀酸具有中枢抑制作用,能明显减少小鼠自主活动,延长戊巴比妥钠的睡眠时间,而且对大白鼠听源性惊厥与小白鼠电休克反应有保护作用,对苦味毒、士的宁;氨基脲引起的惊厥可延长其出现时间。       
 
 3.临床研究:用琥珀胶囊为主(每粒胶囊含琥珀末0.4g)配合其他中成药,辨证治疗精浊72例,有较好疗效(湖南中医杂志,2000,9:17);用琥珀粉每天6g,装入鸭蛋内,微火煨熟,早、晚2次分服。剩余蛋壳研末,用植物油调敷患处,治疗瘰疬,连续用六、七天即见效(浙江中医杂志,1983,8:356);每日用琥珀末吞服,治疗阴囊血肿3例,10天内皆治愈(上海中医药杂志,1958,11:33)。
 
另有用琥珀等治疗夜游症、心律失常、烧伤、妇科急性痛症等。       

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