Wugong (Centipede)---蜈蚣

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Product Description

Wugong is the dried body of Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L, Koch, pertaining to scolopendridae. It is collected it in spring and summer. By inserting bamboo strip into its head and tail, it is straight tightened and then dried.

[ Medical Properties ]:Pungent and warm. Toxic; relate to liver meridian.

[ Medical Efficacies ]: Extinguish wind, relieve spasms; relieve toxicity, dissipate nodulations; unblock collaterals and stop pain.

[ Clinical Applications ]: 1. Spasms and convulsions Wugong is the most essential medicinal to extinguish wind. It treats spasms and convulsions due to various causes. Wugong and Quanxie are used together to creat mutual reinforcement; for example in Zhijing Powder. It treats infantile clenched mouth, spasms of hands and feet, in combination with Quanxie and Gouteng. For infantile acute convulsions, it is in combination with Dansha and Qingfen. It treats tetanus in combination with Tiannanxing and Fangfeng.

2. Sores, ulcers, swelling , toxin, scrofula, bites by poisonous snakes It is indicated for abscesses, swelling and toxin, in combination with Xionghuang and Zhudanzhi, for external application, such as in Buer Powder. For scrofula and ulceration, it is in combination with tea, ground into fine powder. For scrofula and ulceration, it is in combination with tea, ground into fine powder. For external applicatin. It treat bites by poisonous snake, in combination with Huanglian and Dahuang.

3. Chronic arthralgia It treats arthralgia, manifesting as severe wandering pain, in combination with Quanxie and Fangfeng.

4. Refractory headache It treats refractory headache and migraine, in combination with Tianma and Chuanxiong.

[ Usage and Dosage ]: 3-5g. It is ground into powder for oral administration, 0.6-1g. Also it is used externally.

[ Medicinal Commparison ]: Similarities : Both Wugong and Quanxie can extinguish wind, relieve convulsions, relieve toxicity, dissipate nodulation, unblock collaterals and stop pain, so they are used together to create mutual reinforcement.

Differences: Quanxie is neutral,and is not as strong as Wugong in extingujshing wind, relieving convulsions, reliving toxicity and dissipating nodulations. Wugong is strong and dry, and tends to move and unblock, so it is good at extinguishing wind and reliving spasms. Also it can attack toxin to cure abscesses and is good at curing arthralgia to stop pain.

蜈蚣为蜈蚣科动物少棘巨蜈蚣Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L. Koch的干燥体。主产于江苏、浙江、湖北、湖南、河南、陕西等地。春、夏二季捕捉，用竹片插入头尾，绷直，干燥。

【药性】辛，温。有毒。归肝经。【功效】息风镇痉，攻毒散结，通络止痛。

【应用】 1．痉挛抽搐。本品性温，性善走窜，通达内外，搜风定搐力强，与全蝎均为息风要药，两药常同用，治疗各种原因引起的痉挛抽搐，如止痉散（《经验方》）；若治小儿口撮，手足抽搐，以本品配全蝎、钩藤、僵蚕等，如撮风散（《证治准绳》），又（《圣惠方》）万金散，治小儿急惊，以本品配丹砂、轻粉等分研末，乳汁下；若治破伤风，角弓反张，即以本品为主药，配伍南星、防风等同用。如蜈蚣星风散（《医宗金鉴》）。经适当配伍，本品亦可用于癫痫、风中经络，口眼斜等证。

2．疮疡肿毒，瘰疬结核。本品以毒攻毒，味辛散结，同雄黄、猪胆汁配伍制膏，外敷恶疮肿毒，效果颇佳，如不二散（《拔萃方》）；本品与茶叶共为细末，敷治瘰疬溃烂，如《本草纲目》引《枕中方》验方，新方结核散，配合全蝎、土鳖虫，共研细末内服，治骨结核；若以本品焙黄，研细末，开水送服，或与黄连、大黄、生甘草等同用，又可治毒蛇咬伤。

3．风湿顽痹。本品有良好的通络止痛功效，而与全蝎相似，故二药常与防风、独活、威灵仙等祛风、除湿、通络药物同用，以治风湿痹痛、游走不定、痛势剧烈者。

4．顽固性头痛。本品搜风，通络止痛，可用治久治不愈之顽固性头痛或偏正头痛，多与天麻、川芎、白僵蚕等同用。

【用法用量】煎服，3～5g。研末冲服，每次0.6～1g。外用适量。

【使用注意】本品有毒，用量不宜过大。孕妇忌用。

【鉴别用药】蜈蚣、全蝎皆有息风镇痉、解毒散结、通络止痛之功效，二药相须有协同增效作用。然全蝎性平，息风镇痉，攻毒散结之力不及蜈蚣；蜈蚣力猛性燥，善走窜通达，息风镇痉功效较强，又攻毒疗疮，通痹止痛疗效亦佳。

【古籍摘要】 1．《神农本草经》：“噉诸蛇、虫、鱼毒……去三虫。” 2．《本草纲目》：“小儿惊痫风搐，脐风口噤、丹毒、秃疮、瘰疬、便毒、痔漏、蛇瘕、蛇瘴、蛇伤。”

【现代研究】 1．化学成分：本品含有两种类似蜂毒成分，即组织胺样物质及溶血性蛋白质。含有脂肪油、胆甾醇、蚁酸及组氨酸、精氨酸、亮氨酸等多种氨基酸。尚含糖类、蛋白质以及铁、锌、锰、钙、镁等多种微量元素。

2．药理作用：蜈蚣水提液对士的宁引起的惊厥有明显的对抗作用；其水浸剂对结核杆菌及多种皮肤真菌有不同程度的抑制作用；蜈蚣煎剂能改善小鼠的微循环，延长凝血时间，降低血粘度，并有明显的镇痛、抗炎作用。

3．临床研究：据报道，蜈蚣研末装胶囊吞服，治疗顽固性偏头痛，常获满意效果（新中医，1995，3:13）；用黄连20g，蜈蚣5条，冰片2g，共研细末，香油调糊，涂擦患处，治疗带状疱疹16例，全部治愈（辽宁中医杂志，1999，1:36）；大量临床病例显示，蜈蚣与全蝎配用，治疗中风偏瘫，均获良效（山西中医，1987，1:37）。另有用蜈蚣等治疗癫痫、破伤风、百日咳、肺结核、各种肿毒等。

4．不良反应：蜈蚣用量过大可引起中毒，中毒表现为：恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、不省人事、心跳缓慢、呼吸困难、体温下降、血压下降等。出现溶血反应时，尿呈酱油色、排黑便、并出现溶血性贫血症状。出现过敏者，全身起过敏性皮疹，严重者出现过敏性休克。另有服用蜈蚣粉致肝功能损害及急性肾功能衰竭者。蜈蚣中毒原因：一是用量过大，二是过敏体质者出现过敏反应。故应严格掌握用量，注意体质差异，过敏体质者勿用。蜈蚣中毒一般疗法为：早期催吐、洗胃；心动过缓者，可肌注阿托品等；呼吸循环衰竭者，可用中枢兴奋剂、强心及升压药。过敏者，给予抗过敏治疗。中医治疗：内服蜈蚣制剂中毒，可用：茶叶适量，泡水频服；或用风尾草120g，银花90g，甘草60g，水煎服。