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XióngHuáng (Realgar)---雄黄

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Product Description

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It is the arsenic ore of suiphide mineral, it mainly contains As2S2. It can be collected at any time, the impurity is removed. The best one are big block, fragile in quality, bright colour, and clarity. It can be ground into fine powder or refined with water. The raw form is used for medical use.

[Medicinal Properties]: Pungent, warm and toxic; relate to the liver, stomach and large intestine meridians.

[Medicinal Efficacies]: Clear away toxin; kill parasites.

[Clinical Applications]: Abscess, swollen sore, deep-rooted boil, ulcers, eczema, acariasis, insect or snake bite.  This medicinal has the property of warm, dry and toxic, it can treat toxifying disease with poisonous medicinals, kill parasites, and treat sore. In treating for abscess, swollen sore, deep-rooted boil, it can be used alone externally, or together with Baifan, such as in the formula Erwei Badu Powder. It also can be used together with Ruxiang, Moyao Shexiang, such as in the formula Xingxiao Pill;

In treating for eczema, acariasis, it can be applied with Huangbai, Kufan; for snake or insect bites, its powder can be applied alone to the affected area.

In addition, it can kill parasites, dispel phlegm and check malaria when used orally, and can treat abdominal pain due to parasites, epilepsy, dyspnea, cough and malaria, but now is seldom used.

[Usage and Dosage]: 0.05-0.1g. It is taken after made into pills or powder. Its amount should be proper for external applications, ground into powder and can be applied to the local area or by smoking therapy.

[Precautions]: It should be used with cautions for internal use, and cannot be used for a long time. For external use, it is not suitable to apply externally to large area for a long time. It is contraindicated in pregnant women and avoid being calcined by fire.

[Side Effects]: This medicinal has strong toxicity, when taking over dosage, it can damage central nervous system, cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal system. The acute stomach intestine symptoms can be observed, such as, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea; in more serious example, symptoms may include blood urine, fever, restlessness, respiratory failure, and death.

雄黄为硫化物类矿物雄黄的矿石。主含二硫化二砷(As2S2)。主产于广东、湖南、湖北、贵州、四川等地。随时可采,采挖后除去杂质。研成细粉或水飞,生用。切忌火煅。

       【药性】辛,温。有毒。归肝、胃、大肠经。        【功效】解毒,杀虫。       
 
【应用】        痈肿疔疮,湿疹疥癣,蛇虫咬伤。雄黄温燥有毒,外用或内服均可以毒攻毒而解毒杀虫疗疮。治痈肿疔毒,可单用或入复方,且较多外用,如《千金方》以本品为末涂之;或配白矾等分,名二味拔毒散(《医宗金鉴》);或配伍乳香、没药、麝香为丸,名醒消丸(《外科全生集》),陈酒送服,治痈疽肿毒,均有良效。如以雄黄与黄连、松脂、发灰为末,猪脂为膏外涂可用治瘑疥(《肘后方》)。
 
治蛇虫咬伤,轻者单用本品香油调涂患处;重者内外兼施,当与五灵脂共为细末,酒调灌服,并外敷(《瑞竹堂经验方》)。若与牵牛子、槟榔等同用,可治虫积腹痛,如牵牛丸(《沈氏尊生书》)。        本品内服能祛痰截疟。如与朱砂同用的治癫痫方 (《仁斋直指方》)。若与杏仁、巴豆同用,可治小儿喘满咳嗽,如雄黄丹(《证治准绳》)。古方还用雄黄截疟治疟疾,今已少用。       
 
【用法用量】外用适量,研末敷,香油调搽或烟熏。内服0.05~0.1g,入丸、散用。       
 
【使用注意】内服宜慎,不可久服。外用不宜大面积涂擦及长期持续使用。孕妇禁用。切忌火煅。       
 
【古籍摘要】        1.《神农本草经》,“主寒热,鼠瘘,恶疮,疽痔,死肌,杀百虫毒。”      
 
  2.《日华子本草》“治疥癣,风邪癫痫,岚瘴,一切蛇虫、犬兽伤咬。”       
 
3.《本草从新》:“燥湿杀虫。治劳疳蛇伤,敷杨梅疔毒。”       
 
【现代研究】        1.化学成分:雄黄主要含二硫化二砷(As2S2)。约含砷75%,硫24.5%,并夹杂有少量硅、铅、铁、钙、镁等杂质。       
 
 2.药理作用:0.12g%雄黄体外对金黄色葡萄球菌有100%的杀灭作用,提高浓度也能杀灭大肠杆菌,以及抑制结核杆菌与耻垢杆菌;其水浸剂(1∶2)在试管内对堇色毛癣菌等多种致病性皮肤真菌有不同程度抑制作用。雄黄可通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,抑制细胞DNA合成,增强机体的细胞免疫功能等多种因素发挥其抗肿瘤作用。此外,可抗血吸虫及疟原虫。       
 
3.临床研究:据报道,用雄黄或经适当配伍治疗疮疡、疖肿、银屑病、神经性皮炎、慢性湿疹、股癣、蛔虫腹痛、蛲虫病、疟疾、毒蛇咬伤等多种疾病,均取得满意疗效。近年还报道:用雄黄油(雄黄5~8g,加柿油100ml,调匀配成)涂擦患处,治疗带状疱疹216例,均获痊愈(中西医结合杂志,1989,10∶629);用雄黄散(雄黄50g、明矾305g,冰片1g研末),加白酒调敷患处,日2次,治疗输液后静脉炎 57例,有效率97.5%(黑龙江中医药,1992,5∶13);将雄黄研细末装入胶囊内服用,每粒1g,每次1粒,日3次,治疗骨髓增生异常综合征14例,有效10例(临床内科杂志,1998,3∶125)。此外,又可用治慢性支气管炎、支气管哮喘、流行性腮腺炎、慢性粒细胞性白血病、小儿遗尿、肝癌疼痛等。       
 
 4.不良反应:雄黄含砷而有较大毒性,不可多服久服,外用也应注意以免经皮肤粘膜吸收积蓄中毒。雄黄煅烧后易生成毒性更大的三氧化二砷(As2O3),故内服一般入丸、散剂而不入汤剂,切忌火煅。       

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