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LiúHuáng (Sublimed Sulfur)---硫黄

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Product Description

It is the natural ore Sulphur of sulphide mineral. It is heated up and melt after being obtained, the impurity is removed; or processed and refined from the ore Sulphur. The raw form is only applied for external use, it can be used for internal use after being boiled with bean curd and dried in the shade.

[Medicinal Properties]: Sour, warm and toxic; relate to the kidney and large intestine meridians.

[Medicinal Efficacies]: Clear away toxin and kill parasites to heal sore when externally used; reinforce fire, strengthen yang to relax bowel when used internally.

[Clinical Applications]:

  1. Acariasis, eczema, yin-abscess, sore This medicinal has the property of warm, dry and toxicity, it can clear away toxin and kill parasites, dry dampness to alleviate itching, and it is the most significant medicinal to treat scabies especially. It can be used alone indicated for scabies; In treating for obstinate tinea with itching, it can be used together with weathered lime, Qiandan, it is ground into powder and can be used to local are mixed with sesame oil; In treating for eczema with itching, Yin-abscess, it can be used together with Qingfen, Banmao, and Bingpian. 

       2. Impotence, asthma, constipation due to deficiency cold It can reinforce fire of mingmen, strengthen original yang for internal use, and it is indicated for syndromes of deficiency of kidney-yang, deficiency-cold of lower-Yuan. In treating for impotence due to kidney deficiency, it can be used with Lurong and Buguzhi; In treating for dyspnea due to failure of kidney to receive qi, it can be used together with Fuzi, Rougui, such as in the formula Heixi Dan; In treating for constipation due to deficiency-cold, it can be used together with Banxia, such as in the formula Banliu Pill.

[Usage and Dosage]: 1.5-3g. It is taken after processed into pills or powder. Its amount should be proper for external applications, ground into powder and can be applied to the local area.

[Precautions]: It should be used with caution for syndrome of yin deficiency with effulgent fire. It is contraindicated in pregnant women.

[Side Effects]: Hydrogen sulfide generated in the intestinal tract can inhibit enzymatic active, symptoms may include dizziness, headache, weakness all over the body, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, hemafecia, fever, clouding of consciousness, constriction of pupil, dullness of light reaction, decrease of blood pressure, and succeed to come, shock , and death.

[Medicinal Comparison]:

[Similarities]: Both of Liuhuan and Xionghuang have the same function to clear away toxin and kill parasites, indicated for acariasis, sore and eczema.

[Differences]: But Xionghuang has the strong function of clearing away toxin to heal sore, main indications are carbuncle, sore, insects and snake bites; it also can kill parasites, dry dampness, dispel phlegm and check malaria when used orally, and can treat abdominal pain due to parasites, asthma, malaria, fright epilepsy. Liuhuang has the strong function of killing parasites to alleviate itching, is mostly used to treat acariasis, eczema, and itching; it can reinforce fire, strengthen yang to relax bowel when used orally, treating for asthma, impotence, constipation due to deficiency cold.

硫黄为自然元素类矿物硫族自然硫。主产于山西、山东、陕西、河南等地。采挖后加热熔化,除去杂质,或用含硫矿物经加工制得。生硫黄只作外用,内服常与豆腐同煮后阴干用。

       【药性】酸,温。有毒。归肾、大肠经。        【功效】外用解毒杀虫疗疮;内服补火助阳通便。       
 
【应用】        1.外用治疥癣,湿疹,阴疽疮疡。本品性温而燥,有解毒杀虫,燥湿止痒诸功效,尤为治疗疥疮的要药。如《肘后方》治疥即单取硫黄为末,麻油调涂用;或配伍风化石灰、铅丹、腻粉研末,猪油调涂治疥疮,如硫黄散(《圣济总录》)。若与轻粉、斑蝥、冰片为末,同香油、面粉为膏,涂敷患处,可治顽癣瘙痒,如臭灵丹(《医宗金鉴》)。若治疮疽,则可与荞麦面、白面为末贴敷患处,如痈疽发背方(《仁斋直指方》)。       
 
 2.内服治阳痿,虚喘冷哮,虚寒便秘。硫黄乃纯阳之品,入肾大补命门火而助元阳。可用于肾阳衰微,下元虚冷诸证。如金液丹即单用硫黄治腰冷膝弱、失精遗溺等。治肾虚阳痿常与鹿茸、补骨脂、蛇床子等同用。若配附子、肉桂、沉香,可治肾不纳气之喘促等,如黑锡丹(《和剂局方》)。治虚冷便秘,以硫黄配半夏用,即半硫丸(《和剂局方》);因硫黄能补虚而暖肾与大肠,因而也可止泻治冷泻腹痛。       
 
【用法用量】外用适量,研末敷或加油调敷患处。内服1.5~3g,炮制后入丸、散服。        【使用注意】阴虚火旺及孕妇忌服。       
 
【鉴别用药】硫黄和雄黄均能解毒杀虫,常外用于疥癣恶疮湿疹等症。然雄黄解毒疗疮力强,主治痈疽恶疮及虫蛇咬伤;内服又能杀虫,燥湿,祛痰,截疟,亦治虫积腹痛、哮喘、疟疾、惊痫等证。硫黄则杀虫止痒力强,多用于疥癣、湿疹及皮肤瘙痒;并具补火助阳通便之效,内服可疗寒喘、阳痿、虚寒便秘等证。       
 
【古籍摘要】        1.《神农本草经》:“主妇人阴蚀,疽痔,恶血,坚筋骨,除头疮。”       
 
 2.《本草纲目》:“主虚寒久痢,滑泄,霍乱,补命门不足,阳气暴绝,阴毒伤寒,小儿慢惊。”       
 
【现代研究】        1.化学成分:硫黄主要含硫(S),另杂有砷、硒、铁、碲等成分。       
 
2.药理作用:硫与皮肤接触,产生硫化氢及五硫磺酸,从而有溶解角质、杀疥虫、细菌、真菌作用;对动物实验性炎症有治疗作用,能使支气管慢性炎症细胞浸润减轻,并可促进支气管分泌增加而祛痰;一部分硫黄在肠内形成硫化氢,刺激肠壁增加蠕动,而起缓泻作用。       
 
 3.临床研究:据报道,用硫磺或经适当配伍可用于治疗疥疮、皮肤病、湿疹、酒齄鼻、脓疱疮、蛲虫病、便秘、脱发等多种疾病,均疗效满意。近年临床还报道:用硫水散(硫黄50g,寒水石25g,研末过筛),加冷开水调糊外用,治疗花斑癣210例,有效率82.85%(河北中西医结合杂志,1998,2∶209); 取硫黄颗粒置于痛点处,用火柴点燃并迅速用橡皮盖揿灭,一般治1次,不愈3日后再灸1次,治疗网球肘234例,治愈89例,好转127例(浙江中医杂志,1982,1∶35);治慢性阻塞性肺病, 分别用天然硫黄片、升华硫黄片、天然复方硫黄片(加黄芩素)、复方硫黄片(加山豆根、大黄),每日1.5~2g,连续服药30~80天,观察1462例,其中单纯型1170例,喘息型292例,辨证肾阳虚者占77.3%,结果有效在90%以上,副作用有咽干、腹泻等(辽宁中医杂志,1985,1∶17)。此外,还可用治慢性气管炎、坐骨神经痛,小儿消化不良性腹泻、白癜风、阳痿、遗尿、便血等病。       
 
4.不良反应:硫黄内服中毒量为10~20g。硫黄在肠道中可形成硫化氢,硫化氢是一种剧烈的神经毒物,并可抑制某些酶的活性。应用未纯化或未经炮制的石硫黄,还可引起砷中毒(中国中药杂志,1997,6∶344)。       
 
 【其他】生品比经豆腐炮制的硫黄的砷含量大8~15倍,证明炮制有减毒作用(中国中药杂志,1997,6∶344)。       

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