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It is the flower of Datura metel L.,family Solanaceae. The flowers are collected from July to September when they are in full bloom. They are dried in the sunshie or in low temperature. The raw or those processed with ginger juice or liquor are used.

[ Medicinal Properties ]: Pungent, warm, toxic; relate to lung and liver meridians.

[ Medicinal Efficacies ]: Relieve cough and dyspnea; anesthetize to stop pain; relieve spasm and convulsion.

[ Clinical Applications ]: 1. Asthma and cough        It can relieve cough and dyspnea with anesthetic effects, so it is effective for adults or the old contracted by cough and dyspnea without sputum or with scanty sputum and failed to be cured by other medicines. It is ground into powder for oral administration, or made into cigarettes with tobacco leaves for smoking. Now it is often combined in compound recipes to treat chronic bronchitis accompanied with dyspnea and bronchial asthma.

2. Cardiodynia, abdominal pain, wind-dampness with arthralgia, traumatic injuries       It is effective along or combined with chuanwu, Caowu and Jianghuang to treat them. For traumatic injuries with arthralgia and pain, it is decocted for oral administration or for washing or external application.

3. Anesthesia     It is used as anesthetic form the ancient times, in combination with Caowu, Chuanwu and Jianghuang , such as Zhenggu Mayao Formula. In modern times, it or its extract-scopolamine is made into herbal anesthetic, extensively used for surgical operations.

4. Epilepsy, chronic infantile convulsion        It is combined with Quanxie, Tianma and Tiangnanxing.

[ Usage and Dosage ]: 0.2-0.6g, usually in pill or powder form, is taken for oral adminstratin. The dosage in cigarettes should not be more than 1.5g in one day. An appropriate dosage is decocted for washing or ground into powder for external application.

[ Precautions ]: Over dosage should be avoided since it is toxic. It cannot be used to treat external contraction, glaucoma, hypertension and tachycardia. It is used cautiously for pregnant women and those with weak constitution

[ Side Effects ]: Over dosage may cause poisoning, especially when used for infants. The symptoms and signs of poisoning are as follows; one category are those caused by interruption of functions of parasympathetic nerve, such as dry mouth, vomiting, nausea, erubescence, quicker heart rate and respiration, delirium and blurred vision; another category are those of central nervous system, such as instability of gait, drowsiness, disturbance of consciousness, phrenitis, incontinence of defecation and urination, mania, even convulsion and physiological hyperreflexia, and some patients may have fever, leucocytosis and neutrophilic leucocytosis. In severe case, death may be caused by numbness of respiratory centre.

洋金花为茄科植物白曼陀罗Darura metel L.的花。主产于江苏、浙江、福建、广东等地。7～9月花盛开时采收，晒干或低温干燥。生用或姜汁、酒制用。