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Haigeqiao (Sea clam shell)---海蛤壳

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It is the shell of Meretrix Linnaeus and Cyclina sinensis Gmeli, family veneridae. The sea clams are collected form sands on beaches in summer and autumn and the shells are washed clean after the clam meat is removed. The raw or the calcined are used. They are made into powder or refined with water to get Gefen.

[ Medicinal Properties ]: Salty and cold; relate to lung and stomach meridians.

[ Medicinal Efficacies ]: Clear lung and resolve phlegm; soften hardness and dissipate mass.

[ Clinical Applications ]: 1.Phlegm-heat causing cough and dyspnea      For Phlegm-heat resulting in cough and dyspnea, it is combined with Haifushi, Baiqian and Sangbaipi; for accumulation of phlegm-fire, pain in chest and hypochondrium and cough with sputum and blood, with Qingdai, Zhizi and Gualou.

2. Goiter, subcutaneous nodule       It is combined with Haizao, Kunbu and Walengzi in Hanhua Pills to treat them

In addition, with mild function of inducing diuresis, it treats edema and difficult urination. The calcined can restrain acidity and alleviate pain and so treat stomachache with acid regurgitation. It is also ground into powder for external application to heal up ulcers.

[ Usage and Dosage ]: 10-15 g of the powder made from Haigeqiao is warped to decoct. 1-3g is used in pill or powder form. The appropriate amount is used for external application.

海蛤壳为帘蛤科动物文蛤Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus 和青蛤Cyclina sinensis Gmelin 等的贝壳。产各地沿海地区。夏秋两季自海滩泥沙中淘取,去肉,洗净。生用或煅用。捣末或水飞用。

       【药性】咸,寒。归肺、胃经。        【功效】清肺化痰,软坚散结。       
 
【应用】        1.肺热,痰热咳喘。本品能清肺热而化痰清火,用治热痰咳喘,痰稠色黄,常与瓜蒌仁、海浮石等同用;治痰火内郁,灼伤肺络之胸胁疼痛咯吐痰血,常配青黛同用,即黛蛤散(《卫生鸿宝》)。        2.瘿瘤、痰核。本品味咸,能软坚散结,常与海藻、昆布等同用,如含化丸(《证治准绳》)。        此外,本品有利尿、制酸之功,可用于水气浮肿,小便不利及胃痛泛酸之证。研末外用,可收涩敛疮,治湿疮、烫伤。       
 
【用法用量】煎服,10~15g;蛤粉宜包煎。       
 
【古籍摘要】        1.《神农本草经》:“主咳逆上气,喘息,烦满,胸痛寒热。”       
 
2.《药性论》:“治水气浮肿,下小便,治嗽逆上气,项下瘤瘿。”       
 
 3.《本草纲目》:“清热利湿,化痰饮,消积聚,除血痢,妇人血结胸。”       
 
【现代研究】        1.化学成分:文蛤和青蛤的贝壳均含碳酸钙、壳角质、氨基酸等。另含钠、铝、铁、锶等。       
 
2.药理作用:有抗衰老作用,对动物过氧化脂质能明显降低,对超氧化物岐化酶活性能明显提高。另有抗炎作用,其与昆布、海藻、牡蛎的组方能抑制大鼠肉芽组织增生,对小鼠冰醋酸致急性腹膜炎有显著抑制效果。       
 
3.临床研究:蛤粉配雄黄、乳香、没药、冰片等研末。涂在消毒带线棉球上,置阴道内,治宫颈糜烂有效(山东医药,1993,2:封三);蛤粉配冰片、雄黄研末,菜油调涂阴道壁上,治疗霉菌性阴道炎效佳(湖北中医杂志,1985,2:9); 煅蛤粉配煅石膏、青黛、黄柏、轻粉极细末,香油、茶水调敷,外裹塑料布,治疗银屑病51例,总有效率为96.1%(四川中医,1994,10:48);
 
此外,还有用治疗带状疱疹(辽宁中医杂志,1989,8:47)、黄水疮(中成药,1992,5:49)、小儿脓疱病(上海中医药杂志,1986,6:18),治疗化疗后溃疡、组织坏死亦有良效。(浙江中医杂志,1994,1:18)。

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