Nuzhenzi (Glossy Privet Fruit)---女贞子

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Product Description

This medicinal is the dried ripe fruit of the plant Ligustrum lucidum Ait.(Fam.Oleaceae). It is excavated in winter when the fruit becoes ripe. After slightly steamed or slightly scaled with boilig water, it is dried and used in its unprepared form or processed with liquor.

[ Medicinal Properties ]: Sweet, bitter, cool; relate to liver and kidney meridians.

[ Medicinal Efficacies ]: Nourish liver and kidney; improve vision and blacken hair.

[ Clinical Applications ]: Syndrome of liver-kidney yin deficieny It treats treat dim vision, weak eyesight, early greying of hair, vertigo and tinnitus, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, aching and limpness in the loins and knees, spermatorrhea, due to yin deficiency of liver and kidney, itis often used in combination with Mohanlian, in Er Zhi Pill. To treat yin deficiency with interal heat , red eyes, photophobia and eye pain, it is used with Shengdihuang and Shijueming. To treat Xiaoke(diabetes) due to kidney yi deficiency, it is often prescribed with Shengdihuang and Tiandong. In order to treat tidal fever and dysphoria, due to yin deficiency with internal heat, it should be combined with Shengdihuang, Zhimu and Digupi.

[ Usage and Dosage ]: 6-12g. Steamed with yellow wine, its action of nourishing liver and kidney is strengthened, its property of bitter and cold is reduced, and the side effect of loosig bowels can be dimished.

女贞子为木犀科植物女贞Ligustrum lucidum Ait.的成熟果实。主产于浙江、江苏、湖南等地。冬季果实成熟时采收，稍蒸或置沸水中略烫后，干燥，生用或酒制用。

【药性】甘、苦，凉。归肝、肾经。【功效】滋补肝肾，乌须明目。

【应用】肝肾阴虚证。本品性偏寒凉，能补益肝肾之阴，适用于肝肾阴虚所致的目暗不明、视力减退、须发早白、眩晕耳鸣、失眠多梦、腰膝酸软、遗精、消渴及阴虚内热之潮热、心烦等证。常与墨旱莲配伍，即二至丸（《医方集解》）。阴虚有热，目微红羞明，眼珠作痛者，宜与生地黄、石决明、谷精草等滋阴清肝明目之品同用。肾阴亏虚消渴者，宜与生地、天冬、山药等滋阴补肾之品同用。阴虚内热之潮热心烦者，宜与生地、知母、地骨皮等养阴、清虚热之品同用。

【用法用量】煎服，6～12g。因主要成分齐墩果酸不易溶于水，故以入丸剂为佳。本品以黄酒拌后蒸制，可增强滋补肝肾作用，并使苦寒之性减弱，避免滑肠。

【古籍摘要】 1．《本草纲目》：“强阴，健腰膝，变白发，明目”。

2．《本草备要》：“益肝肾，安五脏，强腰膝，明耳目，乌须发，补风虚，除百病”。

【现代研究】 1．化学成分：本品含齐墩果酸、乙酰齐墩果酸、熊果酸、甘露醇、葡萄糖、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸等成分。

2．药理作用：女贞子可增强非特异性免疫功能，对异常的免疫功能具有双向调节作用；对化疗和放疗所致的白细胞减少有升高作用；可降低实验动物的血清胆固醇，有预防和消减动脉粥样硬化斑块和减轻斑块厚度的作用，能减少冠状动脉粥样硬化病变数并减轻其阻塞程度；能明显降低高龄鼠脑、肝中丙二醛含量，提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，具一定抗衰老应用价值；有强心、利尿、降血糖及保肝作用；并有止咳、缓泻、抗菌、抗肿瘤作用。

3．临床研究：据报道，以女贞子注射液（每ml含乙酸乙酯总提取物10mg），治疗冠心病，效果良好，对心绞痛的有效率为86.3%，显效率为23.5%（中医杂志，1982，3：24）；以贞芪扶正冲剂治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎336例，服药3月后胃镜检查及症状疗效的总有效率分别为74.1%及95.0%（兰州医学院学报1992，2：122）。本品还有用于治疗肝炎、慢性气管炎、高脂血症、消化吸收不良症等疾病的报道。